Transmission line tower ndi zinthu zazitali zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza mphamvu zamagetsi. Mawonekedwe awo amapangidwa makamaka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yamtundu wa truss. Mamembala a nsanjazi amakhala makamaka ndi chitsulo chimodzi chofanana kapena chitsulo chophatikizika. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Q235 (A3F) ndi Q345 (16Mn).
Kulumikizana pakati pa mamembala kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma bolts olimba, omwe amalumikiza zigawozo kudzera mu mphamvu za shear. Chinsanja chonsecho chimapangidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo zamakona, mbale zolumikizira zitsulo, ndi mabawuti. Zigawo zina, monga maziko a nsanja, amawokeredwa pamodzi kuchokera ku mbale zingapo zachitsulo kuti apange gulu limodzi. Kapangidwe kameneka kamaloleza kuthirira kotentha koteteza dzimbiri, kupanga mayendedwe ndi msonkhano womanga kukhala wosavuta.
Zinsanja zopatsirana zitha kugawidwa kutengera mawonekedwe ndi cholinga chawo. Nthawi zambiri, amagawidwa m'mawonekedwe asanu: owoneka ngati kapu, owoneka ngati mutu wa mphaka, wowongoka, wowoneka ngati cantilever, wowoneka ngati mbiya. Kutengera ntchito yawo, amatha kugawidwa kukhala nsanja zomangika, nsanja zowongoka, nsanja zamakona, nsanja zosinthira magawo (zosintha malo a ma conductor), nsanja zomaliza, ndi nsanja zodutsa.
Straight-Line Towers: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo owongoka a mizere yopatsira.
Tension Towers: Izi zimayikidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zovuta za ma conductor.
Angle Towers: Izi zimayikidwa pamalo pomwe mzere wotumizira umasintha njira.
Crossing Towers: Zinsanja zazitali zimakhazikitsidwa mbali zonse za chinthu chilichonse chowoloka kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zaloledwa.
Phase-Changing Towers: Izi zimayikidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zisamayendetsedwe ndi ma conductor atatu.
Terminal Towers: Izi zili pamalo olumikizirana pakati pa mizere yotumizira ndi ma substation.
Mitundu Yotengera Zomangamanga
Zinsanja zopatsirana zimapangidwa makamaka kuchokera kumitengo yolimba ya konkriti ndi nsanja zachitsulo. Athanso kugawidwa kukhala nsanja zodzithandizira okha ndi nsanja zokhala ndi ma guyed kutengera kukhazikika kwawo.
Kuchokera m'mizere yotumizira yomwe ilipo ku China, ndizofala kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja zachitsulo pamagetsi opitilira 110kV, pomwe mitengo ya konkriti yolimbidwa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi ochepera 66kV. Mawaya a Guy amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azitha kuwongolera zolemetsa zam'mbali ndi kukangana kwa ma conductor, kuchepetsa mphindi yopindika m'munsi mwa nsanja. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya a anyamata kuthanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndikuchepetsa mtengo wonse wa chingwe chotumizira. Guyed Towers amapezeka makamaka m'malo athyathyathya.
Kusankhidwa kwa mtundu wa nsanja ndi mawonekedwe ake kuyenera kutengera mawerengedwe omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi poganizira kuchuluka kwa magetsi, kuchuluka kwa mabwalo, mtunda, ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Ndikofunika kusankha fomu ya nsanja yomwe ili yoyenera pulojekitiyi, potsirizira pake kusankha kamangidwe kamene kamakhala kapamwamba kwambiri komanso kopindulitsa pazachuma kupyolera mu kusanthula koyerekeza.
Mizere yopatsirana imatha kugawidwa potengera njira zawo zoyikitsira kukhala mizere yopatsira pamutu, mizere yotumizira chingwe chamagetsi, ndi mizere yopatsira zitsulo zotsekeredwa ndi gasi.
Mizere Yodutsa Pamwamba: Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma kondakitala opanda zotchinga, omwe amathandizidwa ndi nsanja pansi, pomwe ma conductor amaimitsidwa pansanja pogwiritsa ntchito zoteteza.
Mizere Yotumizira Ma Cable: Nthawi zambiri izi zimakwiriridwa mobisa kapena kuziyika mu ngalande za chingwe kapena ngalande, zopangidwa ndi zingwe pamodzi ndi zida, zida zothandizira, ndi zida zoyikidwa pazingwezo.
Gasi-Insulated Metal-Enclosed Transmission Lines (GIL): Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito ndodo zachitsulo zotumizira, zotsekeredwa mkati mwa chipolopolo chachitsulo chokhazikika. Imagwiritsa ntchito gasi woponderezedwa (nthawi zambiri SF6 gasi) pakutchinjiriza, kuwonetsetsa bata ndi chitetezo pakadutsa pano.
Chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa zingwe ndi GIL, mizere yambiri yotumizira pakali pano imagwiritsa ntchito mizere yopitilira pamwamba.
Mizere yotumizira imathanso kugawidwa motengera kuchuluka kwa voteji kukhala ma voliyumu apamwamba, ma voliyumu owonjezera, ndi mizere yamagetsi okwera kwambiri. Ku China, milingo yamagetsi yamagetsi otumizira ikuphatikizapo: 35kV, 66kV, 110kV, 220kV, 330kV, 500kV, 750kV, 1000kV, ±500kV, ±660kV, ±800kV0, ndi ±10kV10.
Kutengera mtundu wazomwe zimafalitsidwa, mizere imatha kugawidwa mu mizere ya AC ndi DC:
Mizere ya AC:
Mizere Yothamanga Kwambiri (HV): 35 ~ 220kV
Owonjezera High Voltage (EHV) Mizere: 330 ~ 750kV
Mizere Yokwera Kwambiri (UHV): Pamwamba pa 750kV
DC Lines:
Mizere Yothamanga Kwambiri (HV): ± 400kV, ± 500kV
Mizere Yokwera Kwambiri ya Voltage (UHV): ± 800kV ndi kupitilira apo
Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yotumizira mphamvu zamagetsi ikachulukira, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito imakwera. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi okwera kwambiri kumatha kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mizere, kutsitsa mtengo pagawo lililonse la mphamvu zotumizira, kuchepetsa anthu okhala m'nthaka, ndikulimbikitsa kusakhazikika kwachilengedwe, potero kugwiritsa ntchito bwino makonde otumizirana mauthenga ndikupereka phindu lalikulu pazachuma komanso pagulu.
Kutengera kuchuluka kwa mabwalo, mizere imatha kugawidwa ngati mizere yozungulira imodzi, yozungulira, kapena mizere yambiri.
Kutengera mtunda wapakati pa owongolera magawo, mizere imatha kugawidwa ngati mizere wamba kapena mizere yaying'ono.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-31-2024
